Pop Art Became Popular in America in the 1980s 1920s 1960s 1970s

"Popular is everything art hasn't been for the last two decades. It's basically a U-turn back to a representational visual communication, moving at a break-away speed...Pop is a re-enlistment in the earth...It is the American Dream, optimistic, generous and naïve."

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"Buying is more American than thinking, and I'one thousand as American as they come."

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"Everybody has called Popular Art 'American' painting, but information technology'due south really industrial painting. America was hit past industrialism and capitalism harder and sooner and its values seem more beveled... I think the significant of my work is that information technology's industrial, information technology's what all the world volition soon become."

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"Pop is everything art hasn't been for the last two decades...Information technology springs newborn out of a boredom with the finality and over-saturation of Abstract Expressionism, which, past its own esthetic logic, is the END of art, the glorious acme of the long pyramidal creative process. Stifled by this rarefied atmosphere, some young painters plow back to some less exalted things like Coca-Cola, ice-cream sodas, large hamburgers, super-markets and 'Swallow' signs. They are eye-hungry; they pop..."

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"Everything is beautiful. Pop is everything."

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"A Coke is a Coke and no corporeality of money tin can get yous a better Coke than the one the bum on the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the same and all the Cokes are good. Liz Taylor knows it, the President knows it, the bum knows it, and you lot know it."

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"[Pop Fine art is:] Popular (designed for a mass audience); transient (curt-term solution); expendable (easily forgotten); low cost; mass produced; immature (aimed at youth); witty; sexy; gimmicky; glamorous; and last but not least, Big Business."

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Summary of Pop Fine art

Pop Art's refreshing reintroduction of identifiable imagery, fatigued from media and popular civilization, was a major shift for the direction of modernism. With roots in Neo-Dada and other movements that questioned the very definition of "art" itself, Pop was birthed in the United Kingdom in the 1950s amidst a postwar socio-political climate where artists turned toward celebrating commonplace objects and elevating the everyday to the level of fine art. American artists Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist and others would presently follow adjust to become the most famous champions of the motility in their own rejection of traditional historic artistic subject matter in lieu of contemporary society's ever-present infiltration of mass manufactured products and images that dominated the visual realm. Mayhap owing to the incorporation of commercial images, Pop Art has become one of the almost recognizable styles of modernistic fine art.

Cardinal Ideas & Accomplishments

• By creating paintings or sculptures of mass culture objects and media stars, the Popular Fine art movement aimed to blur the boundaries betwixt "loftier" fine art and "low" culture. The concept that in that location is no bureaucracy of civilisation and that art may borrow from whatsoever source has been one of the most influential characteristics of Pop Art.
• It could be argued that the Abstract Expressionists searched for trauma in the soul, while Popular artists searched for traces of the same trauma in the mediated globe of advertizing, cartoons, and popular imagery at large. Merely it is perhaps more precise to say that Pop artists were the first to recognize that there is no unmediated access to anything, be it the soul, the natural world, or the built environment. Popular artists believed everything is inter-continued, and therefore sought to make those connections literal in their artwork.
• Although Pop Art encompasses a wide variety of work with very dissimilar attitudes and postures, much of it is somewhat emotionally removed. In contrast to the "hot" expression of the gestural brainchild that preceded information technology, Pop Fine art is generally "coolly" ambivalent. Whether this suggests an acceptance of the popular earth or a shocked withdrawal, has been the subject of much debate.
• Pop artists seemingly embraced the mail service-World State of war II manufacturing and media boom. Some critics accept cited the Popular Art choice of imagery equally an enthusiastic endorsement of the capitalist market and the goods information technology circulated, while others have noted an element of cultural critique in the Pop artists' elevation of the everyday to high art: tying the commodity condition of the goods represented to the condition of the art object itself, emphasizing fine art's place as, at base of operations, a article.
• Some of the most famous Pop artists began their careers in commercial art: Andy Warhol was a highly successful magazine illustrator and graphic designer; Ed Ruscha was also a graphic designer, and James Rosenquist started his career as a billboard painter. Their groundwork in the commercial art world trained them in the visual vocabulary of mass civilisation as well as the techniques to seamlessly merge the realms of high fine art and popular culture.

Overview of Pop Art

From early on innovators in London to later deconstruction of American imagery by the likes of Warhol, Lichtenstein, Rosenquist - the Pop Fine art movement became ane of the near idea-afterwards of artistic directions.

Key Artists

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  Andy Warhol was an American Pop artist best known for his prints and paintings of consumer goods, celebrities, and photographed disasters. One of the almost famous and influential artists of the 1960s, he pioneered compositions and techniques that emphasized repetition and the mechanization of fine art.

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  Roy Lichtenstein was an American painter and a pioneer of the Pop art movement. His signature reproductions of comic book imagery eventually redefined how the art world viewed high vs. lowbrow art. Lichtenstein employed a unique form of painting chosen the Benday dot technique, in which small, closely-knit dots of paint were practical to form a much larger paradigm.

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  James Rosenquist is an American Popular artist whose paintings feature fragments of faces, cars, consumer appurtenances, and other items in bizarre juxtapositions. With their realist rendering and attention to surface textures, his works take upwardly the visual language of advertisement and amusement.

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  The Swedish-American artist and architect Claes Oldenburg, an early figure in New York happenings and Pop art, is all-time known for his floppy sculptures and larger-than-life public works of consumer goods, musical instruments, and everyday objects.

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  Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish sculptor, printmaker and multi-media artist, and a pioneer in the early on evolution of Pop art. His 1947 print 'I Was a Rich Man's Plaything' is considered the very first piece of work of the move. He was too a founder of the Independent Group in 1952.

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  Corita Kent, a Catholic nun that became a famous Popular Artist created bold and colorful silkscreen prints that championed social justice causes.

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  Richard Hamilton is an English painter and collage creative person, and is best known as a founding member of the British Independent Group, which launched the mid-century Pop art motion. Hamilton'south 1956 collage 'Simply What Is It That Makes Today's Homes So Different, And so Appealing?' is widely considered one of the offset works of Pop art.

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  Wesselmann was known for his paintings of nudes and his exploration of the female form. He reinterpreted the classic subject field of the female person nude past breaking the body down into its about suggestive elements: lips, nips, and pubes, then juxtaposing it with general, consumerist, popular culture.

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  Sigmar Polke was a German painter and photographer who founded the painting motility Capitalist Realism with Gerhard Richter and Konrad Fischer. Much of his work is in appropriating the pictorial short-hand of ad found in much Pop Art and exploring the pregnant behind various modernist and postmodernist movements.

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  David Hockney is an English painter, photographer, collagist and designer. Hockney'southward influence was especially felt during the Pop art movement on the 1960s, yet his work has also suggested mixed media and expressionistic tendencies. Although based in London for about of his career, Hockney's most famous paintings occurred during an extended trip to Los Angeles, in which he painted a serial of scenes inspired by pond pools.

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  Alex Katz is an American figurative artist associated with the Pop art movement. His works seem simple, but according to Katz they are more reductive, which is fitting to his personality. Katz has received numerous accolades throughout his career, and has been the subject of a documentary and numerous publications.

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  American sculptor and painter George Segal is best known for his life-size plaster cast figures, oft in monochromatic white. He also worked with artists such as John Cage and Allan Kaprow at Rutgers University in the 1950s and 60s; Kaprow's famous "happenings" performances outset took place on Segal's farm in New Bailiwick of jersey.

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  Ed Ruscha is recognized as one of the leading figures of Popular art and Conceptualism on the West Coast. From his iconic images of gasoline stations to his 'discussion paintings,' his piece of work is deeply influenced by the graphic arts and deals largely with themes of commercial culture, linguistic communication, and the mundane.

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  Robert Rauschenberg, a key figure in early Popular art, admired the textural quality of Abstruse Expressionism just scorned its emotional pathos. His famous "Combines" are office sculpture, function painting, and part installation.

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  Jasper Johns is an American artist who rose to prominence in the late 1950s for his multi-media constructions, dubbed past critics equally Neo-Dada. Johns' work, including his world-famous targets and American flags series, were important predecessors to Pop fine art.

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  Peter Blake is a British Popular creative person that has made many iconic images including the cover for the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Solitary Hearts Club Ring album.

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  Rosalyn Drexler powerfully repurposed media images and is now becoming recognized as a key feminist vocalism in the Pop Art movement.

Practise Not Miss

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  The Pop fine art movement emerged in Britain before becoming enourmously popular in the United States. Early on practitioners such as Eduardo Paolozzi and Richard Hamilton prepare the scene for the achievement of legends such equally Warhol and Lichtenstein.

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  Photorealism is a style of painting that was developed past such artists every bit Chuck Shut, Audrey Flack and Richard Estes. Photorealists often employ painting techniques to mimic the effects of photography and thus blur the line that have typically divided the two mediums.

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  The Upper-case letter Realists shared a disquisitional stance toward the invasion of American consumerism into W Deutschland.

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  The creative history of the US stretches from indigenous art and Hudson River School into Contemporary art. Relish our guide through the many American movements.

Important Art and Artists of Popular Fine art

I Was a Rich Man'due south Plaything (1947)

Paolozzi, a Scottish sculptor and artist, was a primal member of the British post-war avant-garde. His collage I Was a Rich Homo's Plaything proved an important foundational work for the Pop Art movement, combining pop civilisation documents like a pulp fiction novel embrace, a Coca-Cola ad, and a military recruitment advertisement. The work exemplifies the slightly darker tone of British Pop Art, which reflected more upon the gap between the glamour and abundance present in American pop civilisation and the economic and political hardship of British reality. Equally a fellow member of the loosely associated Independent Group, Paolozzi emphasized the bear on of technology and mass culture on high art. His apply of collage demonstrates the influence of Surrealist and Dadaist photomontage, which Paolozzi implemented to recreate the barrage of mass media images experienced in everyday life.

Just What Is It That Makes Today's Homes And then Different, So Appealing? (1956)

Artist: Richard Hamilton

Hamilton's collage was a seminal slice for the evolution of Pop Fine art and is often cited every bit the very showtime work of the movement. Created for the exhibition This is Tomorrow at London's Whitechapel Gallery in 1956, Hamilton'south image was used both in the catalogue for the exhibition and on posters ad information technology. The collage presents viewers with an updated Adam and Eve (a body-architect and a burlesque dancer) surrounded past all the conveniences modernistic life provided, including a vacuum cleaner, canned ham, and a television. Constructed using a diverseness of cutouts from magazine advertisements, Hamilton created a domestic interior scene that both lauded consumerism and critiqued the decadence that was emblematic of the American mail-war economical nail years.

President Elect (1960-61)

Artist: James Rosenquist

Similar many Popular artists, Rosenquist was fascinated by the popularization of political and cultural figures in mass media. In his painting President Elect, the creative person depicts John F. Kennedy'southward face amidst an amalgamation of consumer items, including a yellow Chevrolet and a piece of block. Rosenquist created a collage with the 3 elements cut from their original mass media context, then photograph-realistically recreated them on a monumental scale. Equally Rosenquist explains, "The confront was from Kennedy's campaign poster. I was very interested at that time in people who advertised themselves. Why did they put up an advertising of themselves? And then that was his face. And his promise was one-half a Chevrolet and a slice of stale cake." The large-scale work exemplifies Rosenquist'south technique of combining discrete images through techniques of blending, interlocking, and juxtaposition, as well every bit his skill at including political and social commentary using popular imagery.

Useful Resource on Pop Fine art

videos

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  45k views

  The Shock of the New - Pop Art Our Pick

  Fine art historian Robert Hughes series - episode 7 - Civilization every bit Nature

• Pop Go the Women The Other Story of Pop Art

  British historian Alistair Sooke tracks down the forgotten women artists of pop, finding their art and their stories ripe for rediscovery. Artists include Pauline Boty, Marisol, Rosalyn Drexler, Idelle Weber, Letty Lou Eisenhauer, and Jann Haworth

Individual Artist Overviews:

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  1.2M views

  Andy Warhol Documentary: The Complete Motion picture Our Option

  The definitive, advisedly composed, 3 hour documentary on Warhol - and his part in Pop Fine art

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  43k views

  Roy Lichtenstein at the Tate Modern (2013) Our Selection

  Overview of the artist

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  3k views

  James Rosenquist

  Cursory overview by British art critic Alastair Sooke

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  87k views

  Claes Oldenburg

  Brief overview by MoMA

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  544k views

  Gerhard Richter

  Gerhard Richter talks almost his life and piece of work with Nicholas Serota, Director of Tate

Art History Lectures:

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  1k views

  Critic Christopher Knight @ Smithsonian American Fine art Museum (SAAM) Our Selection

  Proposes that Warhol'due south subjects are non most popular civilization, they are chosen for their very particular, art specific themes

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  1k views

  Leo Castelli: The First Global Gallerist Our Pick

  Professor and historian Annie Cohen-Solal overviews the life and brilliance of Leo Castelli, the gallerist that brought many Pop artists to fame from Rauschenberg to Rosenquist

articles

• Pop Art International: Far Beyond Warhol and Lichtenstein Our Pick

  A look into the varying international aesthetics of the Pop Fine art move / Past Holland Cotter / The New York Times / Feb 25, 2016

• Where Are the Swell Women Pop Artists? Our Option

  By Kim Levin / ARTnews Magazine / November 1, 2010

• Reconfiguring Pop Our Pick

  By Saul Ostrow / Art in American Magazine / September one, 2010

• Superlative OF THE POPS - Did Andy Warhol change everything? Our Pick

  An extensive look (and investigation) into the life of Andy Warhol, through the context of his personal life and art making practices / By Louis Menand / The New Yorker / Jan 11, 2010

• The Pop Fine art Era

  By Deborah Solomon / The New York Times / December 8, 2009

• Top Ten ARTnews Stories: The Beginning Word on Popular

  ARTnews Magazine / November 1, 2007

• Pop Art Was Part French: Mais Oui! Only Inquire Them

  By Alan Riding / The New York Times / Apr 15, 2001

• The Arts and the Mass Media Our Pick

  By Lawrence Alloway / Architectural Design & Construction / Feb 1958

• James Rosenquist, Popular Art Pioneer, Dies at 83

  A snapshot of the life, piece of work and inspiration for a Popular Art pioneer / Past Ken Johnson / The New York Times / Apr i, 2017

Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf

Edited and published by The Art Story Contributors

"Popular Art Movement Overview and Analysis". [Internet]. . TheArtStory.org
Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf
Edited and published by The Fine art Story Contributors
Available from:
Start published on 15 October 2012. Updated and modified regularly
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Source: https://www.theartstory.org/movement/pop-art/

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